March independence movement during the Japanese colonial period in Korea still plays a significant role in Korean history thus should be commemorated.
1. Anseong March First Independence Movement Hall
868, Manse-ro, Wongok-myeon, Anseong-si
Anseong City, Gyeonggi-do, is remembered as a particularly powerful place when the independence movement of March 1919 ignited the entire nation of Korea. The March 1st Movement in Anseong is also known as the April 1st Independence Uprising because the movement gained full force on April 1st.
In fact, Anseong was a fierce battleground for 33 national representatives embroiled in trials. The resistance fought back against Japanese oppression with force, making the city one of the three main battlegrounds in that struggle along with Uiju-gun in Pyeongbuk-do and Suan-gun in Hwanghae-do.
The memorial hall in Anseong is home to a memorial tower and an exhibition venue for the March 1st Independence Movement, honoring the fierce demonstrations that occurred in the region. The hall provides a detailed look at the development of Anseong’s March 1st Movement and informs visitors about a day that should not be forgotten through exhibits that present Seodaemun Prison and brutal tortures committed by the Japanese.
The first March 1st movement to take place in Anseong actually occurred on March 11th. Students and merchants led an independence demonstration that later spread to marketplaces where more villagers and people gathered. The numbers grew rapidly, with 3,000 people carrying torches on the night of March 31st as the desire for independence grew.
The independence movement continued until April 3rd, expanding to all parts of Anseong and involving more than 6,000 people, embodying an active protest against the Japanese government. However, a Japanese crackdown soon began, resulting in 26 martyrs and 41 individuals punished with lashings, as well as many others condemned to more than 12 years in Japanese prisons.
The Jeamni massacre is an example of how brutal Japanese retaliation was against the March 1 Independence Movement. The memorial hall for the March 1st Movement in Jeam-ri shows the pain of the Korean people.
Japanese forces threatened 23 Jeam-ri residents who participated in the March 1 Independence Movement, locked them up in a church, and then set the church on fire, resulting in their deaths. Despite the incident being hidden, the missionary Schofield published a report on the massacre. While the global response intensified, the leader in charge was only given a minor punishment.
Outside the Memorial Hall of the March 1st Movement in Jeam-ri, one can find a national monument, sculptures, and the burial mounds of the deceased. Entering the memorial hall, Exhibition Hall 1 presents the Jeam-ri massacre, and Exhibition Hall 2 depicts the March 1st Movement in various parts of Korea.
However, when the protests occurred, Japanese military police wielding knives responded recklessly. As a result, the Confucian scholar Lee Jung-geun and two followers lost their lives. The angry demonstrations of residents did not stop.
In retaliation for the independence movement, the Japanese government set fire to religious facilities and destroyed houses. They eventually brought villagers to Jeam-ri Church for an ‘apology,’ but instead Japanese soldiers surrounded and set fire to the church, brutally killing 23 villagers.
Gimpo City, Gyeonggi-do, was also an area where 15,000 residents displayed national flags and staged protests. The Gimpo Independence Movement Memorial Hall, which was built in 2013 to honor the March 1st Movement is divided into a general exhibition room, a planning exhibition room, and a video room. The general exhibition room not only presents the development and importance of the March 1st Movement in detail, it also introduces how the movement spread in Gyeonggi-do and Gimpo.
In addition, visitors can learn more about the Taegeukgi and see an introduction to each and every independence activist of Gimpo.
In fact, Anseong was a fierce battleground for 33 national representatives embroiled in trials. The resistance fought back against Japanese oppression with force, making the city one of the three main battlegrounds in that struggle along with Uiju-gun in Pyeongbuk-do and Suan-gun in Hwanghae-do.
The memorial hall in Anseong is home to a memorial tower and an exhibition venue for the March 1st Independence Movement, honoring the fierce demonstrations that occurred in the region. The hall provides a detailed look at the development of Anseong’s March 1st Movement and informs visitors about a day that should not be forgotten through exhibits that present Seodaemun Prison and brutal tortures committed by the Japanese.
The first March 1st movement to take place in Anseong actually occurred on March 11th. Students and merchants led an independence demonstration that later spread to marketplaces where more villagers and people gathered. The numbers grew rapidly, with 3,000 people carrying torches on the night of March 31st as the desire for independence grew.
More about the April 1st Independence Uprising...
On April 1, when Anseong's independence movement reached its peak, approximately 1,000 residents, led by Choi Eun-sik and Lee Yoo-seok, began a torch-lit march. Along the way, more than 1,000 people from neighboring villages joined forces in assailing post offices, Japanese stores, and moneylender properties. Later, they seized the town office and burned documents, furniture, and Japanese flags, which led to the liberation of the area for the next two days.The independence movement continued until April 3rd, expanding to all parts of Anseong and involving more than 6,000 people, embodying an active protest against the Japanese government. However, a Japanese crackdown soon began, resulting in 26 martyrs and 41 individuals punished with lashings, as well as many others condemned to more than 12 years in Japanese prisons.
2. Jeam-ri March 1st Movement Memorial Hall
322-4 Jeam-ri, Hyangnam-eup, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do
The Jeamni massacre is an example of how brutal Japanese retaliation was against the March 1 Independence Movement. The memorial hall for the March 1st Movement in Jeam-ri shows the pain of the Korean people.
Japanese forces threatened 23 Jeam-ri residents who participated in the March 1 Independence Movement, locked them up in a church, and then set the church on fire, resulting in their deaths. Despite the incident being hidden, the missionary Schofield published a report on the massacre. While the global response intensified, the leader in charge was only given a minor punishment.
Outside the Memorial Hall of the March 1st Movement in Jeam-ri, one can find a national monument, sculptures, and the burial mounds of the deceased. Entering the memorial hall, Exhibition Hall 1 presents the Jeam-ri massacre, and Exhibition Hall 2 depicts the March 1st Movement in various parts of Korea.
More about the Jaamni Massacre...
In 1919, the March 1st Movement also occurred in Hyangnam-myeon, where the Jeam-ri Church was located. Religious leaders from all walks of life planned the Independence Movement which began with approximately 1,000 residents near Jeam-ri.However, when the protests occurred, Japanese military police wielding knives responded recklessly. As a result, the Confucian scholar Lee Jung-geun and two followers lost their lives. The angry demonstrations of residents did not stop.
In retaliation for the independence movement, the Japanese government set fire to religious facilities and destroyed houses. They eventually brought villagers to Jeam-ri Church for an ‘apology,’ but instead Japanese soldiers surrounded and set fire to the church, brutally killing 23 villagers.
3. Gimpo Independence Movement Memorial
San84 Yanggok-ri, Yangchon-eup, Gimpo-si, Gyeonggi-do
Gimpo City, Gyeonggi-do, was also an area where 15,000 residents displayed national flags and staged protests. The Gimpo Independence Movement Memorial Hall, which was built in 2013 to honor the March 1st Movement is divided into a general exhibition room, a planning exhibition room, and a video room. The general exhibition room not only presents the development and importance of the March 1st Movement in detail, it also introduces how the movement spread in Gyeonggi-do and Gimpo.
In addition, visitors can learn more about the Taegeukgi and see an introduction to each and every independence activist of Gimpo.
More about the Independence Movement in Gimpo...
On March 22nd, 1919, the Man-se Demonstration took place in Gunha-ri and Geomdan-myeon, Wolgot-myeon. Afterwards, the entire Gimpo area including Orani Market in Yangchon-myeon and Gayang-ri in Yangdong-myeon on March 23rd, Sinseong-ri in Gochon-myeon on March 24th and 25th, Gamjeong-ri and Town in Gunnae-myeon of Gimpo-gun on March 26th, Yangchon-myeon on March 27th, and Wolgot-myeon on March 29th saw waves of protests.
Among these, the protest in Orani Market was joined by a large crowd, and two demonstrations were held on the same day through two different organizations. The significance here is that a total of more than 13,000 people participated.
Among these, the protest in Orani Market was joined by a large crowd, and two demonstrations were held on the same day through two different organizations. The significance here is that a total of more than 13,000 people participated.
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